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A Bloomery is a type of furnace where iron ore is smelted removing the oxides. Charcoal was used, burning at high temperatures, but also adding carbon to the end product. Bloomeries were used from the Iron Age onwards (hence the term) and was used as a process over 3000 years ago. It is estimated that by the thirteen century more than 40 bloomeries were operating in the Forest of Dean, in an area of about 35 square miles. However there was no mass industrialisation over this period, rather local miners and labourers working the local iron ore, some of them on a part time basis.
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